تانتاليوم

(له Tantalum نه مخ گرځېدلی)

تانتاليوم (په انگرېزي: Tantalum) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Ta سمبول او v۳ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Tantalum,  73Ta
Spectral lines of tantalum
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation /ˈtæntələm/
TAN-təl-əm
previously:  /tænˈtæliəm/
tan-TAL-ee-əm
Appearancegray blue
Tantalum په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Nb

Ta

Db
hafniumtantalumtungsten
اټومي شمیره (Z)73
گروپ, پیریودgroup 5, period 6
بلاکd-block
Element category  transition metal
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 11, 2
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى3290 K ​(3017 °C, ​5463 °F)
يشنا ټکی5731 K ​(5458 °C, ​9856 °F)
Density near r.t.16.69 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.15 g/cm3
Heat of fusion36.57 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization753 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.36 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 3297 3597 3957 4395 4939 5634
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −3 ​(a mildly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.5
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 761 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1500 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 146 pm
Covalent radius170±8 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structurebody-centered cubic (bcc)[۲]
Body-centered cubic crystal structure for tantalum
Body-centered cubic crystal structure for tantalum

α-Ta
Crystal structuretetragonal[۲]
Tetragonal crystal structure for tantalum
Tetragonal crystal structure for tantalum

β-Ta
Speed of sound thin rod3400 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion6.3 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه57.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity131 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[۳]
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)+154.0·10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)[۴]
Young's modulus186 GPa
Shear modulus69 GPa
Bulk modulus200 GPa
Poisson ratio0.34
Mohs hardness6.5
Vickers hardness870–1200 MPa
Brinell hardness440–3430 MPa
CAS Number7440-25-7
History
DiscoveryAnders Gustaf Ekeberg (1802)
Recognized as a distinct element byHeinrich Rose (1844)
Main isotopes of tantalum
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
177Ta syn 56.56 h ε 177Hf
178Ta syn 2.36 h ε 178Hf
179Ta syn 1.82 y ε 179Hf

کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2

180mTa 0.012% stable
181Ta 99.988% stable
182Ta syn 114.43 d β 182W
183Ta syn 5.1 d β 183W
| references | in Wikidata

مشخصات سمول

تاریخچه سمول

مرکبات سمول

د استعمال ځایونه سمول

سرچينې سمول

  1. Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265-91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/pac.2016.88.issue-3/pac-2015-0305/pac-2015-0305.xml. 
  2. ۲٫۰ ۲٫۱ Moseley, P. T.; Seabrook, C. J. (1973). [اصطلاحي تېروتنه: د ناپېژندلې ليکنښې لوښه "۱". "The crystal structure of β-tantalum"]. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry 29 (5): 1170–1171. doi:10.1107/S0567740873004140. 
  3. Lide, D. R., المحرر (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (الطبعة 86th). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. د کتاب نړيواله کره شمېره 0-8493-0486-5. الوسيط |CitationClass= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)
  4. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. د کتاب پاڼي E110. د کتاب نړيواله کره شمېره 0-8493-0464-4. الوسيط |CitationClass= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)

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