نيهونيوم

(له Nihonium نه مخ گرځېدلی)

نيهونيوم (په انگرېزي: Nihonium) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Nh سمبول او ۱۱۳ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Nihonium,  113Nh
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation /nɪˈhniəm/
ni-HOH-nee-əm
Nihonium په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Tl

Nh

(Uhs)
coperniciumnihoniumflerovium
اټومي شمیره (Z)113
گروپ, پیریودgroup 13 (boron group), period 7
بلاکp-block
Element categoryunknown, but probably a post-transition metal
Mass number286 (most stable isotope)
Electron configuration[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p1 (predicted)[۱]
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 3 (predicted)
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)جامد (predicted)[۱][۲][۳]
دويلې کيدو ټکى700 K ​(430 °C, ​810 °F) (predicted)[۱]
يشنا ټکی1430 K ​(1130 °C, ​2070 °F) (predicted)[۱][۴]
Density near r.t.16 g/cm3 (predicted)[۴]
Heat of fusion7.61 kJ/mol (extrapolated)[۳]
Heat of vaporization130 kJ/mol (predicted)[۲][۴]
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states−1, 1, 3, 5(predicted)[۱][۴][۵]
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 704.9 kJ/mol (predicted)[۱]
  • 2nd: 2238.5 kJ/mol (predicted)[۴]
  • 3rd: 3203.3 kJ/mol (predicted)[۴]
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 170 pm (predicted)[۱]
Covalent radius172–180 pm (extrapolated)[۳]
Miscellanea
CAS Number54084-70-7
History
NamingAfter Japan (Nihon in Japanese)
DiscoveryRIKEN (Japan, first undisputed claim 2004)
JINR (Russia) and Livermore (US, first announcement 2003)
Main isotopes of nihonium
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
290Nh[۶] syn 2 s? α 286Rg
286Nh syn 8 s α 282Rg
285Nh syn 4 s α 281Rg

کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2

283Nh syn 0.1 s α 279Rg
282Nh syn 70 ms α 278Rg
278Nh syn 1.4 ms α 274Rg
| references | in Wikidata

مشخصات

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تاریخچه

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مرکبات

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د استعمال ځایونه

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سرچينې

سمول
  1. ۱٫۰ ۱٫۱ ۱٫۲ ۱٫۳ ۱٫۴ ۱٫۵ ۱٫۶ Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). "Transactinides and the future elements". In Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (eds.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 1-4020-3555-1.
  2. ۲٫۰ ۲٫۱ Seaborg, Glenn T. (c. 2006). "transuranium element (chemical element)". Encyclopædia Britannica. نه اخيستل شوی 2010-03-16.
  3. ۳٫۰ ۳٫۱ ۳٫۲ Bonchev, Danail; Kamenska, Verginia (1981). "Predicting the Properties of the 113–120 Transactinide Elements". Journal of Physical Chemistry. American Chemical Society. 85 (9): 1177–1186. doi:10.1021/j150609a021.
  4. ۴٫۰ ۴٫۱ ۴٫۲ ۴٫۳ ۴٫۴ ۴٫۵ Fricke, Burkhard (1975). "Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties". Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry. 21: 89–144. doi:10.1007/BFb0116498. نه اخيستل شوی 4 October 2013.
  5. Thayer, John S. (2010). "Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements": 82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. Hofmann, S.; Heinz, S.; Mann, R.; Maurer, J.; Münzenberg, G.; Antalic, S.; Barth, W.; Burkhard, H. G.; Dahl, L.; Eberhardt, K.; Grzywacz, R.; Hamilton, J. H.; Henderson, R. A.; Kenneally, J. M.; Kindler, B.; Kojouharov, I.; Lang, R.; Lommel, B.; Miernik, K.; Miller, D.; Moody, K. J.; Morita, K.; Nishio, K.; Popeko, A. G.; Roberto, J. B.; Runke, J.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; Saro, S.; Scheidenberger, C.; Schött, H. J.; Shaughnessy, D. A.; Stoyer, M. A.; Thörle-Popiesch, P.; Tinschert, K.; Trautmann, N.; Uusitalo, J.; Yeremin, A. V. (2016). "Review of even element super-heavy nuclei and search for element 120". The European Physics Journal A. 2016 (52). doi:10.1140/epja/i2016-16180-4.

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