نېپټونيوم

(له Neptunium نه مخ گرځېدلی)

نېپټونيوم (په انگرېزي: Neptunium) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Np سمبول او ۹۳ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Neptunium,  93Np
عمومي خواص
PronunciationUK /nɛpˈtjniəm/, US /nɛpˈtniəm/
nep-TEW-nee-əm, nep-TOO-nee-əm
Appearancesilvery metallic
Neptunium په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Pm

Np

(Uqs)
uraniumneptuniumplutonium
اټومي شمیره (Z)93
گروپ, پیریودgroup n/a, period 7
بلاکf-block
Element category  actinide
Mass number237 (most stable isotope)
Electron configuration[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى912±3 K ​(639±3 °C, ​1182±5 °F)
يشنا ټکی4447 K ​(4174 °C, ​7545 °F) (extrapolated)
Density near r.t.alpha: 20.45 g/cm3[۱]
accepted standard value: 19.38 g/cm3
Heat of fusion5.19 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization336 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity29.46 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 2194 2437
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 ​(an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.36
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 604.5 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 155 pm
Covalent radius190±1 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structureorthorhombic
Orthorhombic crystal structure for neptunium
Orthorhombic crystal structure for neptunium
د تودوخې تېرېدنه6.3 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity1.220 µΩ·m (at 22 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[۲]
CAS Number7439-99-8
History
Namingafter planet Neptune, itself named after Roman god of the sea Neptune
DiscoveryEdwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson (1940)
Main isotopes of neptunium
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct

کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2 کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay3

237Np trace 2.144×106 y α 233Pa
239Np trace 2.356 d β 239Pu
| references | in Wikidata

مشخصات سمول

تاریخچه سمول

مرکبات سمول

د استعمال ځایونه سمول

سرچينې سمول

  1. Sanchez, Rene G.; Loaiza, David J.; Kimpland, Robert H.; Hayes, David K.; Cappiello, Charlene C.; Myers, William L.; Jaegers, Peter J.; Clement, Steven D.; Butterfield, Kenneth B. "Criticality of a 237Np Sphere" (PDF). Japanese Atomic Energy Agency. د لاسرسي‌نېټه ۰۶ اگسټ ۲۰۱۴. الوسيط |CitationClass= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)
  2. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.

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