فلورين

(له Fluorine نه مخ گرځېدلی)

فلورين (په انگرېزي: Fluorine) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د F سمبول او ۹ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Fluorine,  9F
Small sample of pale yellow liquid fluorine condensed in liquid nitrogen
Small sample of pale yellow liquid fluorine condensed in liquid nitrogen
Liquid fluorine at cryogenic temperatures
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation /ˈflʊərn/, /ˈflʊərɪn/, /ˈflɔərn/
FLOOR-een, FLOOR-in, FLOHR-een
Allotropesalpha, beta
Appearancegas: very pale yellow
liquid: bright yellow
solid: alpha is opaque, beta is transparent
Fluorine په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)


F

Cl
oxygenfluorineneon
اټومي شمیره (Z)9
گروپ, پیریودgroup 17 (halogens), period 2
بلاکp-block
Element category  diatomic nonmetal
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[He] 2s2 2p5[۲]
Electrons per shell
2, 7
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)گاز
دويلې کيدو ټکى53.48 K ​(−219.67 °C, ​−363.41 °F)[۳]
يشنا ټکی85.03 K ​(−188.11 °C, ​−306.60 °F)[۳]
کثافت (at STP)1.696 g/L[۴]
when liquid, at b.p.1.505 g/cm3[۵]
Triple point53.48 K, ​90 kPa[۳]
Critical point144.41 K, 5.1724 MPa[۳]
Heat of vaporization6.51 kJ/mol[۴]
Molar heat capacityCp: 31 J/(mol·K)[۵] (at 21.1 °C)
Cv: 23 J/(mol·K)[۵] (at 21.1 °C)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 38 44 50 58 69 85
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states−1 ​(oxidizes oxygen)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 3.98[۲]
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1681 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 3374 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 6147 kJ/mol
  • (more)[۶]
Covalent radius64 pm[۷]
Van der Waals radius135 pm[۸]
Miscellanea
Crystal structurecubic
Cubic crystal structure for fluorine
Cubic crystal structure for fluorine
د تودوخې تېرېدنه0.02591 W/(m·K)[۹]
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic (−1.2×10−4)[۱۰][۱۱]
CAS Number7782-41-4[۲]
History
Namingafter the mineral fluorite, itself named after Latin Script error: The function "Lang" does not exist. (to flow, in smelting)
DiscoveryAndré-Marie Ampère (1810)
First isolationHenri Moissan[۲] (June 26, 1886)
Named byHumphry Davy
Main isotopes of fluorine[۱۲]
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct

کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2

19F 100% stable
| references | in Wikidata

مشخصات

سمول

تاریخچه

سمول

مرکبات

سمول

د استعمال ځایونه

سمول

سرچينې

سمول
  1. Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  2. ۲٫۰ ۲٫۱ ۲٫۲ ۲٫۳ Jaccaud et al. 2000، م. 381.
  3. ۳٫۰ ۳٫۱ ۳٫۲ ۳٫۳ Haynes 2011، م. 4.121.
  4. ۴٫۰ ۴٫۱ Jaccaud et al. 2000، م. 382.
  5. ۵٫۰ ۵٫۱ ۵٫۲ Compressed Gas Association 1999، م. 365.
  6. Dean 1999، م. 4.6.
  7. Dean 1999، م. 4.35.
  8. Matsui 2006، م. 257.
  9. Yaws او Braker 2001، م. 385.
  10. Mackay، Mackay او Henderson 2002، م. 72.
  11. Cheng et al. 1999.
  12. Chisté او Bé 2011.

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