انټيموني

(له Antimony نه مخ گرځېدلی)

انټيموني (په انگرېزي: Antimony) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Sb سمبول او ۵۱ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Antimony,  51Sb
عمومي خواص
PronunciationUK /ˈæntɪməni/ AN-tim-Ə-nee
US /ˈæntɪmni/ AN-tim-OH-nee
Appearancesilvery lustrous gray
Antimony په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
As

Sb

Bi
tinantimonytellurium
اټومي شمیره (Z)51
گروپ, پیریودgroup 15 (pnictogens), period 5
بلاکp-block
Element category  metalloid
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 18, 5
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى903.78 K ​(630.63 °C, ​1167.13 °F)
يشنا ټکی1908 K ​(1635 °C, ​2975 °F)
Density near r.t.6.697 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.6.53 g/cm3
Heat of fusion19.79 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization193.43 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.23 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 807 876 1011 1219 1491 1858
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 ​(an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.05
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 834 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1594.9 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2440 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius139±5 pm
Van der Waals radius206 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structurerhombohedral
Rhombohedral crystal structure for antimony
Rhombohedral crystal structure for antimony
Speed of sound thin rod3420 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion11 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه24.4 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity417 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[۲]
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)−99.0·10−6 cm3/mol[۳]
Young's modulus55 GPa
Shear modulus20 GPa
Bulk modulus42 GPa
Mohs hardness3.0
Brinell hardness294–384 MPa
CAS Number7440-36-0
History
Discoveryca. 800
Main isotopes of antimony
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
121Sb 57.21% stable
123Sb 42.79% stable
125Sb syn 2.7582 y β 125Te
| references | in Wikidata

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د استعمال ځایونه

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سرچينې

سمول
  1. Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  2. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  3. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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