کينډۍ:Infobox barium

Barium,  ₅₆Ba

عمومي خواص
Pronunciation	/ˈbɛriəm/ BAIR-ee-əm
Appearance	silvery gray; with a pale yellow tint
Barium په دوراني جدول کې
Sr ↑ Ba ↓ Ra caesium ← barium → lanthanum ‍
اټومي شمیره (Z)	56
گروپ, پیریود	group 2 (alkaline earth metals), period 6
بلاک	s-block
Element category	alkaline earth metals
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)	کينډۍ:Val
Electron configuration	[Xe] 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)	جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى	1000 K ​(727 °C, ​1341 °F)
يشنا ټکی	2118 K ​(1845 °C, ​3353 °F)
Density near r.t.	3.51 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	3.338 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	7.12 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	142 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	28.07 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 911 1038 1185 1388 1686 2170
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states	+2, +1 ​(a strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.89
Ionization energies	1st: 502.9 kJ/mol 2nd: 965.2 kJ/mol 3rd: 3600 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 222 pm
Covalent radius	215±11 pm
Van der Waals radius	268 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc) Body-centered cubic crystal structure for barium
Speed of sound thin rod	1620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	20.6 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه	18.4 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	332 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)	+20.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Young's modulus	13 GPa
Shear modulus	4.9 GPa
Bulk modulus	9.6 GPa
Mohs hardness	1.25
CAS Number	7440-39-3
History
Discovery	Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1772)
First isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
Main isotopes of barium
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 130Ba 0.11% (0.5–2.7)×1021 y εε 130Xe 132Ba 0.10% stable 133Ba syn 10.51 y ε 133Cs 134Ba 2.42% stable 135Ba 6.59% stable 136Ba 7.85% stable 137Ba 11.23% stable 138Ba 71.70% stable

Element navigation

PTbariumPT

Cs ←

iso 56Ba ibox    wd:Q1112

→ La

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