پروټېکټېنيوم

پروټېکټېنيوم (په انگرېزي: Protactinium) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Pa سمبول او ۹۱ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Protactinium,  91Pa
دوتنه:Protactinium.jpg
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation /ˌprtækˈtɪniəm/
PROH-tak-TIN-ee-əm
Appearancebright, silvery metallic luster
Protactinium په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Pr

Pa

(Uqp)
thoriumprotactiniumuranium
اټومي شمیره (Z)91
گروپ, پیریودgroup n/a, period 7
بلاکf-block
Element category  actinide
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 20, 9, 2
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى1841 K ​(1568 °C, ​2854 °F)
يشنا ټکی4300 K ​(4027 °C, ​7280 °F) (?)
Density near r.t.15.37 g/cm3
Heat of fusion12.34 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization481 kJ/mol
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states2, 3, 4, 5 ​(a weakly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.5
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 568 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 163 pm
Covalent radius200 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structuretetragonal[۲]
Tetragonal crystal structure for protactinium
Tetragonal crystal structure for protactinium
Thermal expansion~9.9 µm/(m·K)[۳] (at r.t.)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه47 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity177 nΩ·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[۴]
CAS Number7440-13-3
History
PredictionDmitri Mendeleev (1869)
Discovery and first isolationKasimir Fajans and Oswald Helmuth Göhring (1913)
Named byOtto Hahn and Lise Meitner (1917–8)
Main isotopes of protactinium
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
229Pa syn 1.5 d ε 229Th
230Pa syn 17.4 d ε 230Th
231Pa 100% 3.276×104 y α 227Ac
232Pa syn 1.31 d β 232U
233Pa trace 26.967 d β 233U
234Pa trace 6.75 h β 234U
234mPa trace 1.17 min β 234U
| references | in Wikidata

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سرچينې

سمول
  1. Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  2. Donohue, J. (1959). "On the crystal structure of protactinium metal". Acta Crystallographica. 12 (9): 697. doi:10.1107/S0365110X59002031.
  3. Cverna, Fran, ed. (2002). "Chapter 2. Thermal Expansion". ASM Ready Reference: Thermal Properties of Metals (PDF). ASM International. p. 11. ISBN 0871707683.
  4. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

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