آيوډين (په انگرېزي: Iodine) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د I سمبول او ۵۳ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Iodine,  53I
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation /ˈ.ədn/, /ˈ.ədɪn/, or /ˈ.ədn/
EYE-Ə-dyne, EYE-Ə-din, or EYE-Ə-deen
Appearancelustrous metallic gray, violet as a gas
Iodine په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Br

I

At
telluriumiodinexenon
اټومي شمیره (Z)53
گروپ, پیریودgroup 17 (halogens), period 5
بلاکp-block
Element category  diatomic nonmetal
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 18, 7
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى386.85 K ​(113.7 °C, ​236.66 °F)
يشنا ټکی457.4 K ​(184.3 °C, ​363.7 °F)
Density near r.t.4.933 g/cm3
Triple point386.65 K, ​12.1 kPa
Critical point819 K, 11.7 MPa
Heat of fusion(I2) 15.52 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporisation(I2) 41.57 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity(I2) 54.44 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressure (rhombic)
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 260 282 309 342 381 457
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 1, −1 ​(a strongly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.66
Ionisation energies
  • 1st: 1008.4 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1845.9 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3180 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius139±3 pm
Van der Waals radius198 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structureorthorhombic
Orthorhombic crystal structure for iodine
Orthorhombic crystal structure for iodine
د تودوخې تېرېدنه0.449 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity1.3×107 Ω·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[۲]
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)−88.7·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[۳]
Bulk modulus7.7 GPa
CAS Number7553-56-2
History
Discovery and first isolationBernard Courtois (1811)
Main isotopes of iodine
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
123I syn 13 h ε, γ 123Te
124I syn 4.176 d ε 124Te
125I syn 59.40 d ε 125Te
127I 100% stable
129I trace 1.57×107 y β 129Xe
131I syn 8.02070 d β, γ 131Xe
135I syn 6.57 h β 135Xe
| references | in Wikidata

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== مرکبات ==

د استعمال ځایونه

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سرچينې

سمول
  1. Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  2. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
  3. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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