آرگون

کیمیاوي عنصر

آرگون (په انگرېزي: Argon) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Ar سمبول او ۱۸ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Argon,  18Ar
Vial containing a violet glowing gas
Vial containing a violet glowing gas
Spectral lines of argon
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation /ˈɑrɡɒn/
AR-gon
Appearancecolorless gas exhibiting a lilac/violet glow when placed in an electric field
Argon په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Ne

Ar

Kr
chlorineargonpotassium
اټومي شمیره (Z)18
گروپ, پیریودgroup 18 (noble gases), period 3
بلاکp-block
Element category  noble gas
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p6
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 8
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)گاز
دويلې کيدو ټکى83.81 K ​(−189.34 °C, ​−308.81 °F)
يشنا ټکی87.302 K ​(−185.848 °C, ​−302.526 °F)
کثافت (at STP)1.784 g/L
when liquid, at b.p.1.3954 g/cm3
Triple point83.8058 K, ​68.89 kPa[۲]
Critical point150.687 K, 4.863 MPa[۲]
Heat of fusion1.18 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization6.53 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity20.85[۳] J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K)   47 53 61 71 87
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states0
ElectronegativityPauling scale: no data
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1520.6 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2665.8 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3931 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Covalent radius106±10 pm
Van der Waals radius188 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structureface-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for argon
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for argon
Speed of sound323 m/s (gas, at 27 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه17.72کينډۍ:E  W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[۴]
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)−19.6·10−6 cm3/mol[۵]
CAS Number7440-37-1
History
Discovery and first isolationLord Rayleigh and William Ramsay (1894)
Main isotopes of argon
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
36Ar 0.334% stable
37Ar syn 35 d ε 37Cl
38Ar 0.063% stable
39Ar trace 269 y β 39K
40Ar 99.604% stable
41Ar syn 109.34 min β 41K
42Ar syn 32.9 y β 42K
| references | in Wikidata

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سرچينې

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  1. Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  2. ۲٫۰ ۲٫۱ کينډۍ:RubberBible92nd
  3. Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01.
  4. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in کينډۍ:RubberBible86th
  5. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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