تخنیکپوهنه

A scientific technique is any systematic method to obtain information of a scientific nature or to obtain a desired material or product.

Scientific techniques can be divided in many different groups, e.g.:

1. Preparative techniques
   1. Synthesis techniques, e.g. the use of Grignard reagents in organic chemistry
   2. Growth techniques, e.g. crystal growth or cell cultures in biology
   3. Purification techniques e.g. those in chemistry
2. Measurement techniques
   1. Analysis techniques, e.g. ones that reveal atomic or molecular composition.
   2. Characterization techniques, e.g. ones that measure a certain property of a material.
   3. Imaging techniques, e.g. microscopy

Instruments

In many cases these methods have evolved into instrumental techniques that require expensive equipment. This is particularly true in sciences like physics, chemistry, and astronomy. It is customary to abbreviate the names of techniques into acronyms, although this does not hold for all of them. Particularly the advent of the computer has led to a true proliferation in the number of techniques to the point that few scientists still have a good overview over all that is available. See, for example, the list of materials analysis methods and Category:Scientific techniques.