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۱ کرښه:
ويکيپېډيا د وړيا مېنځپانګې يو خپلواک پوهنغونډ دی چې د ټولې نړۍ خلک يې په ګډه ملکارۍ سره ليکي. دا وېبپاڼه ويکي يا wiki ده چې د هرچا مانا لري په بله وينا د هر هغه چا کمپيوټر چې د انټرنټ اسانتياو ته لاس رسي لري نو په ډېره اسانه توګه کولای شي چې په ويکيپېډيا کې ليکنې وکړي او يا هم ليکل شوې ليکنې سمې (ايډټ) کړي. ''[[ويکيپېډيا]]'' د ويکيمېډيا د بې ګټې موسسې يو سوداګريز نوم او يا سوداګريزه نښه ده.
دا چې ويکيپېډيا همداسې پرله پسې غځېدونکی کار دی چې هر هغه څوک چې د انټرنټ اسانتياوې لري په کې برخه اخيستلی شي، خو دا بيا په ډېرو مهمو لارو کې د کاغذي سرچينو نه توپير لري. مانا دا چې داسې ځانګړې ليکنې او مقالې به وي چې د ښه منځپانګې او مالوماتي سرچينو نه پکې کار اخيستل شوی وي، او د ليکنې هغه د پوهې انډول به پکې ساتل شوي وي، خو څنګه چې جوته خبر ده چې په ويکيپېډيا کې د بېلابېلو توکمونو لخوا ليکنې کېږي، چې کېدای نشي د هغو ټولو اندونه او څرګندونې سمې وي، او ګواکې لوستونکی دې هغه معيار وګڼي. د بېلګې په توګه ډېر ځل داسې شوي چې ځينو ليکنو کې لاس وهنې شوي او د ځينو ورانکارانو لخوا د ناسمو مالوماتو د خپرولو هڅه شوې، د غېر علمي توکو د خپرېدا هڅه شوې
۸ کرښه:
=== د پوهنغونډ مخينه ===
[[
[[Wikipedia]] was founded as an offshoot of [[Nupedia]], a now-abandoned project to produce a free encyclopedia. Nupedia had an elaborate system of [[peer review]] and required highly qualified contributors, but the writing of articles was slow. During 2000, [[Jimmy Wales]], founder of Nupedia, and [[Larry Sanger]], whom Wales had employed to work on the project, discussed ways of supplementing Nupedia with a more open, complementary project. Multiple sources are suggested for the idea that a [[wiki]] might allow members of the public to contribute material, and Nupedia's first wiki went online on January 10, 2001.
There was considerable resistance on the part of Nupedia's editors and reviewers to the idea of associating Nupedia with a Web site in the wiki format, so the new project was given the name "Wikipedia" and launched on its own domain, wikipedia.com, on January 15 (now called "[[
In May 2001, a wave of non-English Wikipedias was launched—in [[Catalan language|Catalan]], [[Chinese language|Chinese]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[Esperanto]], [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]], [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Japanese language|Japanese]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], and [[Swedish language|Swedish]]. These were soon joined by [[Arabic language|Arabic]] and [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Announcements_May_2001 |title=Wikipedia announcements — May 2001}}</ref> In September,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Announcements_September_2001 |title=Wikipedia announcements — September 2001}}</ref> [[Polish language|Polish]] was added, and further commitment to the multilingual provision of Wikipedia was made. At the end of the year, [[Afrikaans]], [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]], and [[Serbocroatian language|Serbocroatian]] versions were announced.
۲۰ کرښه:
[[Wikipedia]] is a registered [[trademark]] of the [[nonprofit|not-for-profit]] [[Wikimedia Foundation]], which has created an entire family of free-content [[m:Complete list of Wikimedia projects|projects]]. On all of these projects, you are welcome to [[WP:BB|be bold]] and edit articles yourself, contributing knowledge as you see fit in a collaborative way.
Most of Wikipedia's text and many of its images are dual-licensed under the [[
Contributions remain the property of their creators, while the CC-BY-SA and GFDL licenses ensure the content is freely distributable and reproducible. (See the [[
=== د پوهنغونډ ونډوال ===
۳۷ کرښه:
=== پوهنغونډ سپړل ===
Many visitors come to this site to acquire knowledge, others to share knowledge. In fact, at this very instant, dozens of articles are being improved, and [[
You also might enjoy reading Wikipedia in other languages. Wikipedia has more than two hundred different languages (see [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias other language versions]), including a [[:simple:|Simple English]] version, and related projects include a dictionary, quotations, books, manuals, and scientific reference sources, and a news service (see [[#Sister projects|sister projects]]). All of these are maintained, updated, and managed by separate communities, and often include thought-provoking information and articles that can be hard to find through other common sources.
۴۳ کرښه:
=== په پوهنغونډ کې بنسټيزې ګرځېدنې ===
Wikipedia articles are all [[Hyperlink|linked]], or cross-referenced. Wherever you see highlighted text like [[wikilink|this]], it means there is a link to some relevant article or Wikipedia page with further in-depth information elsewhere if you need it. Holding your mouse over the link will often show you where a link will take you. You are always one click away from more information on any point that has a link attached. There are other links towards the ends of most articles, for other articles of interest, relevant external Web sites and pages, reference material, and [[WP:FAQ/Categories|organized categories of knowledge]] which you can search and traverse in a loose [[hierarchy]] for more information. Some articles may also have links to dictionary definitions, audio-book readings, quotations, the same article in other languages, and further information available on our [[
=== پوهنغونډ د څېړنې د وسيلې په توګه کارول ===
۵۰ کرښه:
As a [[wiki]], articles are never complete. They are continually edited and improved over time. In general, this results in an upward trend of quality and a growing consensus over a [[fair and balanced]] representation of information.
Users should be aware that not all articles are of encyclopedic quality from the start: they may contain false or debatable information. Indeed, many articles start their lives as partisan; and, after a long process of discussion, debate, and argument, they gradually take on a [[WP:NPOV|neutral point of view]] reached through [[
The ''ideal'' Wikipedia article is well-written, balanced, [[
While the overall trend is toward improvement, it is important to use Wikipedia carefully if it is intended to be used as a research source, since individual articles will, by their nature, vary in quality and maturity. [[
=== پوهنغونډ د کتابي پوهنغونډ په پرتله ===
۶۳ کرښه:
Wikipedia's greatest strengths, weaknesses, and differences all arise because it is open to anyone, it has a large contributor base, and its articles are written by consensus, according to editorial guidelines and policies.
:* Wikipedia is '''open to a large contributor base''', drawing a large number of editors from diverse backgrounds. This allows Wikipedia to significantly reduce regional and cultural bias found in many other publications, and makes it very difficult for any group to censor and impose bias. A large, diverse editor base also provides access and breadth on subject matter that is otherwise inaccessible or little documented. A large number of editors contributing at any moment also means that Wikipedia can produce excellent encyclopedic articles and resources covering newsworthy events within hours or days of their occurrence. It also means that like any publication, Wikipedia may reflect the cultural, age, socio-economic, and other biases of its contributors. There is no systematic process to make sure that [[
:* Allowing '''anyone to edit''' Wikipedia means that it is more easily vandalized or susceptible to unchecked information, which requires removal. See [[
:* Wikipedia is '''written by open and transparent consensus''' – an approach that has its pros and cons. Censorship or imposing "official" points of view is extremely difficult to achieve and usually fails after a time. Eventually for most articles, all notable views become fairly described and a [[WP:NPOV|neutral point of view]] reached. In reality, the process of reaching consensus may be long and drawn-out, with articles fluid or changeable for a long time while they find their "neutral approach" that all sides can agree on. Reaching neutrality is occasionally made harder by [[
That said, articles and subject areas sometimes suffer from significant omissions, and while misinformation and vandalism are usually corrected quickly, this does not always happen. (See for example [[John Seigenthaler Sr. Wikipedia biography controversy|this incident]] in which a person inserted a fake biography linking a prominent journalist to the Kennedy assassinations and Soviet Russia as a joke on a co-worker which went undetected for four months, saying afterwards he "didn’t know [[Wikipedia]] was used as a serious reference tool.") Therefore, a common conclusion is that it is a valuable resource and provides a good reference point on its subjects.
۷۷ کرښه:
Wikipedia disclaimers apply to all pages on Wikipedia.
Wikipedia, in common with many Web sites, has a disclaimer that, at times, has led to commentators citing these in order to support a view that Wikipedia is unreliable. A selection of similar disclaimers from places which are often regarded as reliable (including sources such as [[Encyclopædia Britannica]], [[Associated Press]], and the [[Oxford English Dictionary]]) can be read and compared at [[
== په پوهنغونډ کې ونډه ==
: ''Main articles: [[
: ''Guide to fixing vandalism: [[
Anyone can contribute to Wikipedia by clicking on the ''Edit this page'' tab in an article. Before beginning to contribute however, you should check out some handy helping tools such as the [[
Most articles start as [[WP:STUB|stubs]], but after many contributions, they can become [[
=== د پوهنغونډ د مخونو سمون ===
: ''Main article, including list of common mark-up shortcuts: [[
Wikipedia uses a simple yet powerful page [[markup language|layout]] to allow editors to concentrate on adding material rather than page design. These include automatic sections and subsections, automatic references and cross-references, image and table inclusion, indented and listed text, links, ISBNs, and math, as well as usual formatting elements and most world alphabets and common symbols. Most of these have simple formats that are deliberately very easy and intuitive.
The page layout consists of tabs along the top of the window. These are:
* ''Article.'' Shows the main Wikipedia article.
* ''Discussion.'' Shows a user discussion about the articles topics and possible topics, controversies, etc.
* ''Edit this page.'' This tab allows users to edit the article. Depending on the controversy surrounding the topic, this tab may not be shown for all users. (For example, any user who is not an [[
* ''History.'' This tab allows readers to view the editors of the article and the changes that have been made.
* ''Watch.'' By clicking on the ''watch'' tab, any changes made to the article will be displayed on your watchlist. (Note: when this tab is clicked, it changes to an ''unwatch'' tab.)
Wikipedia has robust [[revision control|version and reversion controls]]. This means that poor-quality edits or vandalism can quickly and easily be reversed or brought up to an appropriate standard by any other editor, so inexperienced editors cannot accidentally do permanent harm if they make a mistake in their editing. As there are many more editors intent on improving articles than not, error-ridden articles are usually corrected promptly.
۱۱۰ کرښه:
The appropriate policies and guidelines for these are found at:
# [[
# [[
# [[
# [[
# [[
# [[
# [[
These are often abbreviated to [[WP:NOT]], [[WP:NPOV]], [[WP:NOR]], [[WP:V]], [[WP:RS]], [[WP:CITE]], and [[WP:MOS]] respectively.
۱۲۵ کرښه:
The Wikipedia community is largely self-organising, so that anyone may build a reputation as a competent editor and become involved in any role he/she may choose, subject to peer approval. Individuals often will choose to become involved in specialised tasks, such as reviewing articles at others' request, watching current edits for vandalism, watching newly created articles for quality control purposes, or similar roles. Editors who find that editorial administrator responsibility would benefit their ability to help the community may ask their peers in the community for agreement to undertake such roles; a structure which enforces meritocracy and communal standards of editorship and conduct. At present, around a 75–80% approval rating after enquiry is considered the requirement for such a role, a standard which tends to ensure a high level of experience, trust, and familiarity across a broad front of aspects within Wikipedia.
A variety of [[:Category:Wikipedia counter-vandalism tools|software-assisted systems]] and [[
Theoretically all editors and users are treated equally with no "power structure". There is, however a hierarchy of permissions:
# ''Anyone'' can edit most of the articles here. Some articles are protected due to vandalism or edit-warring, and can only be edited by certain editors.
# Anyone with an account that has been registered for four days or longer and made 10 edits becomes ''Autoconfirmed'', and can do three things that IP users (also referred to somewhat incorrectly as "anonymous editors") cannot do:
#* They can move articles.
#* They can edit semi-protected articles.
#* They can vote in certain elections.
# Many editors with accounts obtain access to certain tools that make editing easier and faster. Most of those [[WP:Tools|tools]], few learn about, but one common privilege granted to editors in good standing is "rollback", which is the ability to undo edits more easily.
# [[WP:Administrators|Administrators]] ("admins" or "sysops") have been elected by the community, and have access to a few more tools. They can delete articles, can block accounts or IP addresses, and can edit fully protected articles.
# The [[WP:Arbitration Committee|Arbitration Committee]] (ArbCom) is kind of like Wikipedia's [[supreme court]]. They deal with disputes that remain unresolved after attempts at dispute resolution have failed. Members of ArbCom are elected to three-year terms on a rotating schedule, and they tend to be selected from among the pool of admins.
# [[WP:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] are elected via a process similar to how admins are selected. There are not very many B-crats, and they can add or remove admin rights, approve or revoke "[[WP:Bots|bot]]" privileges, and rename user accounts.
# [[:Meta:Stewards|Stewards]] are the top echelon, other than the Wikimedia Board of Directors. Stewards can do a few technical things, and one almost never hears much about them, as they normally only act when a local admin or bureaucrat is not available, and hence almost never on the English Wikipedia. There are very few stewards.
[[
=== Handling disputes and abuse ===
: ''Main articles: [[
Wikipedia has a rich set of methods to handle most abuses that commonly arise. These methods are well-tested and should be relied upon.
* Intentional ''[[
* Unresolved ''disputes'' between editors, whether based upon behavior, editorial approach, or validity of content, can be addressed through the [[
* ''Abuse of user accounts'', such as the creation of "[[Internet sock puppet]]s" or solicitation of friends and other parties to enforce a non-neutral viewpoint or [[
In addition, ''brand new users'' (until they have established themselves a bit) may at the start find that their votes are given less weight by editors in some informal [[
=== Editorial quality review ===
As well as systems to catch and control substandard and vandalistic edits, Wikipedia also has a full style and content manual and a variety of positive systems for continual article review and improvement. Examples of the processes include [[
In addition, specific types of article or fields often have their own specialized and comprehensive [[
== Technical attributes ==
Wikipedia uses [[MediaWiki]] software, the [[open-source]] program used not only on [[Wikimedia]] projects but also on many other third-party Web sites. The hardware supporting the [[Wikimedia]] projects is based on several hundred servers in various hosting centers around the world. Full descriptions of these servers and their roles are available on [[m:Wikimedia servers|this meta page]]. For technical information about Wikipedia, you can check [[
== پوښتني او غيرګون ==
Wikipedia is run as a communal effort. It is a community project whose result is an encyclopedia. Feedback about content should, in the first instance, be raised on the discussion pages of those articles. You are invited to [[WP:BB|be bold]] and edit the pages yourself to add information or correct mistakes if you are knowledgeable and able to do so.
۱۷۱ کرښه:
{{main|Wikipedia:FAQ}}
* [[
* [[:Category:Wikipedia FAQ]]
۱۷۷ کرښه:
There is an established escalation-and-dispute process within Wikipedia, as well as pages designed for questions, feedback, suggestions, and comments:
* [[
* [[
* [[
* [[
See also:
* [http://bugzilla.wikimedia.org Bug tracker]—a facility for reporting problems with the Wikipedia Web site or the [[MediaWiki]] software that runs it;
* [[
* [[
=== Research help and similar questions ===
۱۹۱ کرښه:
Facilities for help for users researching specific topics can be found at:
* [[
* [[
Because of the nature of Wikipedia, it is encouraged that people looking for information should try to find it themselves in the first instance. If, however, you come across valid information missing from Wikipedia, [[
=== Community discussion ===
For specific discussion not related to article content or editor conduct, see the [[
=== Contacting individual Wikipedia editors ===
If you need more information, the first place to go is the [[
In addition, you could try the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:|'''meta-wiki''']], a site for coordinating the various Wikipedia projects and sister projects (and abstract discussions of policy and direction). Also available are many different places for submitting [[
For a full list of contact options, see '''[[
== اړونده بڼې او پروژې ==
۲۱۹ کرښه:
* [[ويکيپېډيا]]
* [[
* [[
* [[Meta:Power structure]]
* [[List of online encyclopedias]]—compare Wikipedia to other projects in a convenient chart
۲۳۲ کرښه:
* [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2008-March/039460.html WikiMedia Foundation activities in February 2008]
[[
[[de:Wikipedia:Über Wikipedia]]
۲۴۱ کرښه:
[[qu:Wikipidiya:Allinmi hamusqaykichik]]
[[sa:स्वागतम्]]
[[se:Wikipediija:Wikipediija birra]]
[[ur:خوش آمديد]]
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