د ۱۴:۰۴, ۱۰ اپرېل ۲۰۱۰ بڼه سمول VolkovBot (خبرې اترې \| ونډې) ۳٬۷۱۹ edits و robot Adding: hy:Լեղապարկ → تېر توپير		د ۰۱:۲۲, ۲۴ جون ۲۰۱۰ بڼه سمول ناکړ Xqbot (خبرې اترې \| ونډې) ۷٬۱۴۷ edits و robot Modifying: hr:Žučnjak; cosmetic changes بل توپير ←
۱ کرښه: {{ژباړل}}{{د اناتومي مالوماتبکس\| نوم=تريخی <br />Gallbladder \| لاطين= vesica biliaris \| GraySubject = 250 \| ۲۱ کرښه: '''تريخی''' (او يا هم چې په انګليسي ژبه '''cholecyst''' يا کله ناکله '''gall bladder''' بلل کېږي.) د انسان په بدن کې يو ناک-وزمه [[غړی]] دی چې د ځيګر د شاه نه مخ په ښکته زوړند دی او نژدې 50 ml صفرا يا ترخه چې په انګليسي يې [[bile]] (يا "gall") بولي، تر هغه مهاله پورې ساتي ترڅو چې بدن ته د خواړو د هاضمې په مهال پکار راځي. == اناتومي == [[~~Image~~دوتنه:Gallenblase.png\|thumb\|75px\|right\|Biliary tract]] تريخی د انسان په بدن کې نژدې 7-10 cm اوږدوالی لري او په همدې توګه تريخی ګاټه زرغون رنګ لري چې همدا رنګ يې د ترخې يا صفرا د شتون په سبب اخيستی دی، نه د دغه ژواندي يا اورګان د جوړښت په سبب. تريخی د انسان په خېټه کې ځيګر او ډيوډونم پورې د ترخې يا صفرا د نلکې په مرسته نښتې کڅوړه ده. ۲۹ کرښه: * The common bile duct then joins the [[pancreatic duct]], and enters through the [[ampulla of Vater\|hepatopancreatic ampulla]] at the [[major duodenal papilla]]. == مايکروسکوپي اناتومي == The different layers of the gallbladder are as follows: * The [[gallbladder]] has a [[Simple columnar epithelium\|simple columnar]] [[epithelium\|epithelial]] lining characterized by ''recesses'' called Aschoff's recesses, which are pouches inside the lining. ۳۵ کرښه: * Beneath the connective tissue is a wall of [[smooth muscle]] (''muscularis muscosa'') that contracts in response to [[cholecystokinin]], a [[peptide]] [[hormone]] secreted by the [[duodenum]]. * There is essentially no [[submucosa]] separating the connective tissue from [[serosa]] and [[adventitia]]. [[~~Image~~دوتنه:Gallenblase_-_Schnitt.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Stained section of a gall bladder showing the highly convoluted mucosal folds]] == کړنې == The [[gallbladder]] stores about 50 ml of bile (1.7 US [[fluid ounce]]s / 1.8 Imperial fluid ounces), which is released when [[food]] containing fat enters the [[Gastrointestinal tract\|digestive tract]], stimulating the [[secretion]] of [[cholecystokinin]] (CCK). The bile, produced in the [[liver]], [[emulsifies]] fats and neutralizes acids in partly digested food. After being stored in the gallbladder, the bile becomes more concentrated than when it left the liver, increasing its potency and intensifying its effect on fats. Most digestion occurs in the duodenum. == په ناروغيو کې د تريخي رول == * [[Cholestasis]] is the blockage in the supply of [[bile]] into the digestive tract. It can be "intrahepatic" (the obstruction is in the liver) or "extrahepatic" (outside the liver). It can lead to [[jaundice]], and is identified by the presence of elevated [[bilirubin]] level that is mainly [[Conjugated system\|conjugated]]. ۵۸ کرښه: * [[Cancer of the gallbladder]] is a rare but highly fatal disease. It has been associated with gallstone disease, [[estrogen]]s, cigarette smoking, [[alcohol and cancer\|alcohol consumption]] and [[obesity]]. Despite aggressive modern surgical approaches, advanced imaging techniques, and [[endoscopy]], nearly 90% of patients die from advanced stages of the disease and experience pain, [[jaundice]], weight loss, and [[ascites]]. * [[Polyp (medicine)\|~~Polyp~~Polyps]]s (growths) are sometimes detected during diagnostic tests for gallbladder disease. Small gallbladder polyps (up to 10 mm) pose little or no risk, but large ones (greater than 15 mm) pose some risk for cancer, so the gallbladder should be removed. Patients with polyps 10 mm to 15 mm have a lower risk but they should still discuss removal of their gallbladder with their physician. Of special note is a condition called [[primary sclerosing cholangitis]], which causes inflammation and scarring in the bile duct. It is associated with a lifetime risk of 7% to 12% for gallbladder cancer. The cause is unknown, although primary sclerosing cholangitis tends to strike younger men who have [[ulcerative colitis]]. Polyps are often detected in this condition and have a very high likelihood of malignancy. == سرچينې == <references/> ۷۳ کرښه: {{Digestive glands}} <!-- interwiki -->▼ [[~~Category~~وېشنيزه:Abdomen]] [[~~Category~~وېشنيزه:Digestive system]] [[~~Category~~وېشنيزه:Hepatology]] ▲<!-- interwiki --> [[ar:مرارة]] Line ۱۰۲ ⟶ ۱۰۱: [[he:כיס המרה]] [[hi:पित्ताशय]] [[hr:~~Žuč~~Žučnjak]] [[hu:Epehólyag]] [[hy:Լեղապարկ]]

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