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The efforts of ancient thinkers to determine what makes poetry distinctive as a form, and what distinguishes good poetry from bad, resulted in "[[poetics]]" — the study of the aesthetics of poetry. Some ancient societies, such as the Chinese through the ''[[Shi Jing]]'', one of the [[Five Classics]] of [[Confucianism]], developed canons of poetic works that had ritual as well as aesthetic importance. More recently, thinkers have struggled to find a definition that could encompass formal differences as great as those between Chaucer's ''[[The Canterbury Tales|Canterbury Tales]]'' and [[Matsuo Bashō]]'s ''[[Oku no Hosomichi]]'', as well as differences in [[context]] spanning [[Tanakh]] [[Biblical poetry|religious poetry]], [[Romantic love|love]] poetry, and [[rapping|rap]].<ref>''See, e.g.,'' [[Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five]]. ''[[The Message]]'', Sugar Hill, (1982).</ref>

[[Context]] can be critical to poetics and to the development of poetic [[genre]]s and [[form]]s. Poetry that records historic events in [[epic poetry|epics]], such as ''[[Epic of Gilgamesh|Gilgamesh]]'' or Ferdowsi's ''[[Shahnameh]]'',<ref>Abolqasem Ferdowsi (Dick Davis, Trans.). ''Shahnameh: The Persian Book of Kings''. New York, New York: Viking, (2006), ISBN 0-670-03485-1.</ref> will necessarily be lengthy and [[narrative poetry|narrative]], while poetry used for [[liturgy|liturgical]] purposes ([[hymn]]s, [[psalm]]s, [[sura]]s and [[hadith]]s) is likely to have an inspirational tone, whereas [[elegy]] and tragedy are meant to evoke deep emotional responses. Other contexts include [[Gregorian chant]]s, formal or diplomatic speech,<ref> For example, in the Arabic world, much diplomacy was carried out through poetic form in the 16th century. ''See'' Natalie Zemon Davis. ''Trickster's Travels''. Hill & Wang, (2006), ISBN 0809094355.</ref> [[politics|political]] [[rhetoric]] and [[invective]],<ref> Examples of political invective include [[libel (poetry)|libel poetry]] and the classical [[epigrams]] of [[Martial]] and [[Catullus]].</ref> light-hearted [[nursery rhyme|nursery]] and [[nonsense verse|nonsense rhymes]], and even [[medical]] texts.<ref>In [[ancient Greece]], medical and scholarly works were often written in metrical form. A millennium and a half later, many of [[Avicenna]]'s medical texts were written in verse.</ref>