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The GTP that is formed by GDP-forming succinyl-CoA synthetase may be utilized by [[nucleoside-diphosphate kinase]] to form ATP (the catalyzed reaction is GTP + ADP -> GDP + ATP).<ref name=[[Stryer]]/>

 

* The citric acid cycle begins with [[acetyl-CoA]] transferring its two-carbon [[acetyl]] group to the four-carbon acceptor compound (oxaloacetate) to form a six-carbon compound (citrate).

* The citrate then goes through a series of chemical transformations, losing first one, then a second [[carboxyl]] group as CO₂. The carbons lost as CO₂ originate from what was oxaloacetate, not directly from acetyl-CoA. The carbons donated by acetyl-CoA become part of the oxaloacetate carbon backbone after the first turn of the citric acid cycle. Loss of the acetyl-CoA-donated carbons as CO₂ requires several turns of the citric acid cycle. However, because of the role of the citric acid cycle in anabolism, they may not be lost since many TCA cycle intermediates are also used as precursors for the biosynthesis of other molecules.<ref>Wolfe RR, Jahoor F. (1990) [http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/reprint/51/2/248.pdf Recovery of labeled CO₂ during the infusion of C-1- vs C-2-labeled acetate: implications for tracer studies of substrate oxidation.] ''Am J Clin Nutr.'' '''51(2)''':248-52. PMID 2106256 </ref>